Maritime transport is the cheapest form of transport. Modern ships can deliver all types of cargo from tankers and bulk to containerized and general parties. Savings are usually achieved by transport of very large shipments (thousands of tons). The disadvantages of shipping may include their duration. This is due to low speed of marine vessels as compared with other transport modes, as well as the complexity and duration of loading and unloading. Usually, shipping is used in combination with other transport modes. These ones are called multi-modal transportation. However, in some cases, it is the only method of delivery, for example, in the case of intercontinental transport of particularly large loads.
Geography of shipping is the widest. It is limited only by the lack of water, and on Earth as we know there is much more river than land. The most popular and downloaded are the following destinations: Australia, China, Korea, Indonesia, India, Japan, USA, Canada, South Africa, Central and South America, etc. A wide geography requires the calculation of the best ways of transport. This explains the presence in this market a great number of logistics companies.
Typically, marine transportation is carried out in standard 20- or 40-feet containers, specialized refrigerated containers, the same capacity, or using specialized equipment 20 ‘and 40′ Open Top containers, Flat Rack containers of the same size. International standardization of the size is needed. It greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of congestion on a specially designed under their automobile and railway platforms.
Real professionals in the field of maritime transport at the expense of the many business relations with shipping companies and seaports can provide rapid loading and optimal shipping routes. Most of them can provide a return of empty containers and transit containers to the specified destination, insurance, and assistance in documenting cargo. All this accelerates and reduces the cost of transportation.
Boats still retains an important role. Due to its advantages (water transport is the cheapest after the pipeline), water transportation now covers 60-67% of the world turnover. Inland waterways transport mainly bulk cargo, such as construction materials, coal, iron ore, transportation of which does not require high speed (here affects the competition with faster road and rail). At the traffic through the seas and oceans water transport has no competitors (air cargo is very expensive, and its total share of freight is low), so that ships carry a variety of types of goods.
The role of water transport in passenger traffic dropped significantly due to its low speed. Exceptions – the high-speed hydrofoils (sometimes taking the function of long-distance shuttle bus), and hovercrafts. The role of ferries and cruise liners is great.
When the efficiency of cargo transportation is not very important and we need to transport large volumes over long distances, even on another continent, transportation of cargo by water will be optimally suitable.
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